Medical

• ASSOCIATION OF PRO-LIFE PHYSICIANS REPORT ON PERSONHOOD, by Dr. James P. Johnston
• AN EVALUATION OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND PHILOSOPHICAL ARGUMENTS ON PERSONHOOD, by Prof. Dianne Irving PhD
• SCIENTIFIC REFERNCES FOR PERSONHOOD LANGUAGE, by Prof. Dianne Irving PhD
• WHEN DO HUMANS BEGIN? The Carnegie Stages of Early Human Embryonic Development
• TWINNING AND PERSONHOOD, by Stephen Napier PhD

• SEXUAL vs. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION (Fertilization vs. Cloning), by Prof. Dianne Irving PhD

“Sexually reproduced human beings begin to exist immediately at first contact of the sperm with the oocyte.”

“Asexually reproduced human beings begin to exist when the DNA in the cell/cells is deprogrammed or reprogrammed to the same state of differentiation as a human organism.”

• ABORTION, BIOETHICS AND PERSONHOOD: A PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION, by Francis J. Beckwith PhD

• DO EMBRYOS HAVE SOULS?, by Father Tadeusz Pacholczyk PhD

• TWINNING AND PERSONHOOD, by Stephen Napier PhD